Summary View

Country

Turkey

City

Istanbul

Institution

Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi

Collection

Galata Mevlevihanesi

Shelfmark

233

Contents

Work 1: Delīl-i Budalā (Kaygusuz Abdal, (active second half of the 14th century - First half of the 15th century))

LOC subject headings

Sufism

Turkish prose literature

Bektashi

Author

Kaygusuz Abdal, (active second half of the 14th century - First half of the 15th century)

قيغوسوز ابدال

Show other names

Ḳayġusuz Abdāl

Kaygusuz Abdal, active 15th century (authorised)

Alâaddin Gaybî, active 15th century (variant)

Alâeddin Gaybî, active 15th century (variant)

Gaybî, active 15th century (variant)

Kaygusuz Abdal, 15th cent (variant)

قيغوسز ابدال (variant)

قيغوسز ابدال،, active 15th century (variant)

قيغوسز ابدل (variant)

Biographical notes

Turkish mystic poet and writer belonging to the dervish group named Abdālān-ı Rūm(ابدالان روم) , who was the first major representetive and the most influential forerunner of the genre which later came to be known as Alevi-Bektashi literature. Information on Ḳayġusuz Abdāl's life relies entirely on the references in his poems as well as the hagiographies of him and his master Abdāl Mūsā. Some scholars consider the name " Ġaybī(غيبي) which figures in his hagioraphy to be his real name. Other scholars, however, assert that this name rather resembles a pen name. His hagiography indicates that he was the son the Bey (Governor) of ‘Alā‘iye which is considered by some scholars as to be the reason for his occasional use of the pen name Sarāyī(سرايي). He served in the dervish lodge of his master Abdāl Mūsā (fl. 14th century) [1300-1399 CE]) which, according to historical documents, was initially located near Finike (Southern Anatolia) and later moved to the village of Tekke in Elmalı (Niğde, Turkey) . After obtaining icāzetnāme(اجازة نامه), Ḳayġusuz Abdāl travelled to Egypt where he found a dervish lodge in his own name. This dervish lodge as well as that of Abdāl Mūsā later became very important Bektashi centers. The references in his poems to place names in the Balkans as well as the existence of a neighborhood and a fountain named Ḳayġusuz in Bitola (Macedonia) have led scholars to believe that Ḳayġusuz either travelled to the Balkans or lived here for some time. His hagiography narrates his pilgrimage to Mecca and the cities he visited on his return, some of which include the sacred places of the Alevi-Bektashi and Shi’îte traditions, such as Kufah (Iraq), Najaf (Iraq) , Karbalāʼ (Iraq). It also gives a detailed account of his meeting with the Egyptian sultan which, in contrast to his other travels, cannot be verified through references in his works. Aḥmed Sırrı Baba(d. 1965 [1965 CE], ), the last shaykh of the Bektashi lodge in Cairo (Egypt), gives specific dates for Ḳayġusuz's travels and death (the date of 848 AH [1444 CE] for the latter), but does not make reference to any written sources. Two traditions exist on Ḳayġusuz's place of death, in parallel with the two distinct branches of his hagiography. According to one of these traditions, Ḳayġusuz died in Egypt and was buried in a cave in the mountain of Moqattam. This tradition is the source of the name ‘Abdullāhu’l-Maġavrī given to him by the people of Egypt. According to the second tradition, he was buried in Abdāl Mūsā dervish lodge in the village of Tekke. However, the fact that Evliyā Çelebī does no mention this tomb in his description of the dervish lodge makes doubtful the references in the kitābe of the tomb, which belongs to a later date. Ḳayġusuz Abdāl is the first poet known to call himself Bektāşī. His relation to Ḥacı Bektāş can be traced through his master Abdāl Mūsā, who was a follower (muḥibb) of Ḥacı Bektāş's spiritual daughter, Ḳadıncıḳ Ana. Abdāl Mūsā is also known for his participation in the conquest of Bursa which according to legend ties him to the Bektashisation of the Janissaries. According to the Bektashi tradition, Ḳayġusuz Abdāl initiated the use of the twelve-gored Qalandarī cap (ṭāc(طاج)). He and his master are nameholders of two of the twelve sheepskin ceremonial seats (pūṣt (پوصت)) in the Bektāshī meydān (ceremonial room), linking them to the duties of naḳīb(ناقيب) and ayaḳçı(اياقچي) in the Bektashi ceremony (cem‘(جمع)). A miniature of Ḳayġusuz Abdāl based on an older copy was painted by Levnī in the 18th century [1700-1799 CE]( TSMK, Albüm, nr. 2164, fol. 22b). Ḳayġusuz Abdāl also used his pen name in the form "Ḳayġusuz", which sometimes leads to the confusion of his poems in the cönk(جونك) and mecmū‘a(مجموعة) with those of a second Ḳayġusuz named Alāeddīn el-Vizevī(علاء الدين الوزوي) who lived in the 16th century [1500-1599 CE] and belonged to the Malāmī(ملامي) movement.

Title

Delīl-i Budalā

دليل بدلا

Notes

A prose work on Sufi themes and concepts with didactic and symbolic content.

The name of the work figures as Delīl-i Budalā Pendnāme-i Ḳayġusuz (دليل بدلاپندنامه قيغوسوز) in the manuscript. Manuscript includes 21 entries some of which belong to , Garbī Dervīş Aḥmed, Niyāzī Mıṣrī, Çelebī Sulṭān Meḥmed. Also includes: Erkān-ı Sulṭān Abdāl Mūṣā (ارکان سلطان ابدال موصی), Fütüvvetnāme(فتوّةنامه), the meanings of the letters of the word Tāc, Bektāşī prayers, etc.

Main language of text

Turkish

Foliation

1v-50r

Bibliography

Editions

Abdal, Kaygusuz. "Budalaname." In Vahdet-i Vücut ve Tevhid Risaleleri. Seratlı, Tahir Galip, ed. İstanbul: Furkan Kitaplığı, 2006, 11-128.

Güzel, Abdurrahman. Kaygusuz Abdal’ın Mensur Eserleri. Ankara: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, 1983, 49-74.

Yücel, Bilâl. "Kaygusuz Abdal’ın Budalanâme’si." Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Makaleleri. 2 2002: 50-80.

Translations

Sulaiman, Ahmad Said. "‘Abdullāh al-Maġārawī wa Risalatuhu Daftar al-‘Ushshāq." Majallat Kullīyat al-ādāb. XIV, no. I 1962: 31-82.

Show filiations

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 2023

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 2182

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 2451

Kütahya Vahid Paşa İl Halk Kütüphanesi 1346

Mevlana Müzesi 2617

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 1397

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 169

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 534

Atatürk Kitaplığı 1005

Atatürk Kitaplığı 646

Beyazıt Devlet Kütüphanesi 4667

Atatürk Kitaplığı 699

İzmir Milli Kütüphane 2007

Konya İl Halk Kütüphanesi 3388

Konya Bölge Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi 380

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3382

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3384

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3522

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 4880

Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi 2367

Yapı Kredi Sermet Çifter Kütüphanesi 920

Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesi 275

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3404

Berlin Staatsbibliothek Turkish Manuscripts 3054

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 3383

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 647

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 1142

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 9087

Yapı Kredi Sermet Çifter Kütüphanesi 254

İstanbul Üniversitesi Nadir Eserleri Kütüphanesi 4105

Princeton University 1960Y

Vatican Library 185

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 1724

Forschungsbibliothek Gotha 27

Berlin Staatsbibliothek 2736

Work 5: Erkān-ı Sulṭān Abdāl Mūsā (Abdal Musa, active 14th century)

LOC subject headings

Sufi literature

Author

Abdal Musa, active 14th century

ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﻣﻮﺴﻰ

Show other names

Abdāl Mūsā

Abdal Musa, active 14th century (authorised)

Abdal Musa, 14th cent (variant)

Abdal Musa Sultan, active 14th century (variant)

Musa, Abdal, active 14th century (variant)

Biographical notes

A major saint of Bektashism and a prominent member of the Abdālān-ı Rūm, ابدالان روم, who probably played a major role in the dissemination of Bektashi teachings. According to İsmā‘īl Belīg’s Gül-deste-i Riyāż-i ‘İrfān (كلدستهء رياض عرفان), Abdāl Mūsā was one of the forty abdāls who migrated from Bukhara before the conquest of Bursa. Historians such as Ṭaşköprizāde , ‘Ālī and Ḫoca Sa‘deddīn state that Abdāl Mūsā participated in the conquest of Bursa and had close relations with Geyikli Baba. Abdāl Mūsā is portrayed as Bektashi in ‘Āşıḳpaşazade, who describes him as a follower of Ḥacı Bektāş’s spiritual daughter Ḫātun Ana. This affiliation is supported by the fact that Abdāl Mūsā’s disciple Ḳayġusuz Abdāl is the first dervish known to call himself Bektashi. ‘Āşıḳpaşazade also relates a tradition regarding Abdāl Mūsā’s role in the Bektashisation of the Janissary corps. We know from Ḳayġusuz Abdāl’s poems that Abdāl Mūsā carried a club and addressed his dervishes as “abdāls”. His followers wore animal hides, carried dervish bowls, and practiced blood-shedding during Muharram. The name of Şeyḫ Muṣṭafā Abdāl Mūsā appears on an inscription dated 811 AH [1408 CE], probably belonging to a rundown lodge, which figures on the right wall of a fountain at Denizli. If we accept that Abdāl Mūsā was alive on this date, then it becomes impossible for him to have attended the conquest of Bursa (726 AH [1326 CE]). An official document concerning Teke-ili during the reign of Mehmed II affirms the presence of an Abdāl Mūsā lodge near Finike, founded in the middle of the 14th century [1300-1399 CE]. This must be the lodge which became the lodge of Kāfī Bābā at a later date. The lodge in Elmalı, known in our day as the Abdāl Mūsā lodge, was founded during or after the 16th century [1500-1599 CE]. In time, the traditions relating to Abdāl Mūsā were transferred from one lodge to the other. A record in Evliyā Çelebi shows that this process was not yet complete in the 17th century [1600-1699 CE]. In some Bektashi sources and in the inscription at the Kāfī Baba Tekkesi near Finike, Abdāl Mūsā is designated as “pīr-i sānī” (the second great master). The lodge of Abdāl Mūsā is one of the four Bektashi lodges holding the rank of khalifa. Abdāl Mūsā and his disciple Ḳayġusuz Abdāl are name holders of two of the twelve sheepskin ceremonial seats (pūṣt) in the Bektāşī meydān (ceremonial room), linking them to the duties of ayaḳçı (holder of domestic duties such as cleaning) and naḳīb (helper of the mürşid) in the Bektashi ceremony (cem‘).

Title

Erkān-ı Sulṭān Abdāl Mūsā

ﺍﺭﻛﺎﻥِ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﺪﺍﻞ ﻣﻮﺴﻰ

Notes

The only known manuscript of this text is dated 964 AH [1556-1557 CE] and located at the Suleymaniye Library, Galata Mevlevihanesi Collection. The content of the work, which probably outlines the principles of cem‘ ritual, as well as its relation to Abdāl Mūsā require investigation.

Main language of text

Turkish

Foliation

66a-69b ff.

Show filiations

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 2023

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 2182

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 2451

Kütahya Vahid Paşa İl Halk Kütüphanesi 1346

Mevlana Müzesi 2617

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 1397

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 169

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 534

Atatürk Kitaplığı 1005

Atatürk Kitaplığı 646

Beyazıt Devlet Kütüphanesi 4667

Atatürk Kitaplığı 699

İzmir Milli Kütüphane 2007

Konya İl Halk Kütüphanesi 3388

Konya Bölge Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi 380

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3382

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3384

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3522

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 4880

Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi 2367

Yapı Kredi Sermet Çifter Kütüphanesi 920

Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesi 275

Ankara Milli Kütüphane no. A 3404

Berlin Staatsbibliothek Turkish Manuscripts 3054

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 3383

Ankara Milli Kütüphane 647

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 1142

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 9087

Yapı Kredi Sermet Çifter Kütüphanesi 254

İstanbul Üniversitesi Nadir Eserleri Kütüphanesi 4105

Princeton University 1960Y

Vatican Library 185

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 1724

Forschungsbibliothek Gotha 27

Berlin Staatsbibliothek 2736

Physical Description

Number of folios

xx ff.

Dimensions of folio

width 11.7cm, height 17.6cm

Dimensions of written area

width 7.1cm, height 12.5cm

Columns

1

Ruled lines

13

Seal

Seal dated 1258 AH [1842-1843 CE] on f. 1a, f. 109a and f. 202b belonging to a certain Seyyid Sāliḥ, سيد صالح and unidentified seal on f. 211b.

History

Date of copy

16th. century