Summary View

Country

Austria

City

Vienna

Institution

National Library

Collection

Persian Manuscripts Neuer Fond

Shelfmark

140

Contents

Work 6: Tarjīʻ-i band (ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm,-1289? )

LOC subject headings

Persian poetry

Author

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm,-1289?

Show other names

عراقى ، فخر الدين ابراهيم

Fahreddîn-i Irâkî,-1289?

Fahrüddin Eraki, -1289?

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm, -1289? (authorised)

Araghi, FakhreDin Ebrahim, -1289? (variant)

Araqi, Fakhr al-din, -1289? (variant)

ʻArāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm, -1289? (variant)

Eraqi, Fakhroddin Ebrahim, -1289? (variant)

ʻErâqi, Faxr al-Din, -1289? (variant)

Fahreddîn-i Irâkî, -1289? (variant)

Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm ʻIrāqī, -1289? (variant)

Fakhruddin ʻIraqi, -1289? (variant)

Hamadâni, Faxr al-Din ʻErâqi, -1289? (variant)

Hamadānī ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm, -1289? (variant)

Irâkî, Fahreddîn, -1289? (variant)

Iraki, Fakhriddin Ibragim, -1289? (variant)

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn Ibrāhīm, d. 1289? (variant)

ʻIraqi, Fakhruddin, -1289? (variant)

عراقى ، فخر الدين ابراهيم همدانى (variant)

عراقى، فخر الدين ابراهيم (variant)

عراقى، فخرالدين (variant)

فخر الدين ابراهيم عراقى (variant)

فخر الدين عراقى (variant)

Biographical notes

He was born in the town of Kumijān (Iran), not far from the city of Hamadan, apparently in 610 [1213-1214 CE]. In his youth he studied the Qur’ān, Hadith and Islamic theology (kalam). However, he is better known for his literary skills as a Sufi poet that travelled extensively from Pakistan to Anatolia during his lifetime. He began teaching in his native Hamadan (Iran) when he met a group of Qalandar dervishes and abandoned his activities to travel with them all the way to Multān (Pakistan) in the year 1230 [1230 CE]. It was in that city where he allegedly became a disciple of the Sufi master Bahāʼ al-Dīn Zakariyyā, 1170?-1262? ,  بهاء الدين زكريا, who at the time was the leader of the Suhrawardīyah Sufi Order. In fact, ʻIrāqī seems to have married the shaykh’s daughter and had a son with her named Kabīr al-Dīn, d. after 1289, کبیر الدین. Under the auspice of Bahāʼ al-Dīn Zakariyyā, 1170?-1262? , ʻIrāqī stayed in Multān (Pakistan) for 17 years dedicated to writing poetry. After the dead of the Bahāʼ al-Dīn Zakariyyā, 1170?-1262? in 1268 [1268 CE], he seems to have lost the support of the members of the order and left Multān (Pakistan) by sea at the age of 24. First he went to Arabia where he performed hajj and then all the way to Anatolia, where he joined Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī, Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, -1273 or 1274 in Konya (Turkey) and then became close to Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, Maulana, 1207-1273 and his followers. He was under the protection and patronage of Muʻīn al-Dı̄n Sulaymān, Parwānā, -1277 and Shams al-Dīn Juwaynī, d. 1285 until these two were accused of treason against the Mongols and the later was executed in 1277 [1277 CE]. The fall of his patron seems to have been behind the escape of Iraqi to Sinop and from there to Egypt, where he found refuge under the Mamluk Sultan Baybars al-Manṣūrī, approximately 1245-1325. He gained a high status at the court of the Mamluks and then moved from Egyptto Damascus where he re-joined his son (who has stayed in Multan after Iraqi’s departure). He fell ill shortly after his arrival in Syria and died on 8 Dhu al-Qa'dah 688 [1289 CE] at the age of 78.

Title

Tarjīʻ-i band

Notes

Main language of text

Persian

Foliation

29b-31b ff.

Bibliography

Editions

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn. Risālah-ʹi lamaʻāt va Risālah-ʹi iṣṭilāḥāt. Edited by Nūrbakhsh, Javād. Tehran: Khānaqāh-i Niʻmat Allāhī, 1353 [1974].

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn. Lamaʻāt. Edited by Khvājavī, Muḥammad. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Mawlá, 1363 [1984].

Translations

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn and Baljit Singh. Lammāt = The flashes: a Persian treatise on Sufism, written in the 13th century. New Delhi: Sikh Foundation, 2003.

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn. Divine flashes. Edited by Chittick, William C., Peter Lamborn Wilson and Seyyed Hossein Nasr. New York: Paulist Press, 1982.

ʻIrāqī, Fakhr al-Dīn and Ercan Alkan. Lemaat: aşka ve âşıklara dair. Translated by Konuk, Ahmed Avni. Cağaloğlu, İstanbul: İki Harf, 2011.

Studies

Chittick, William C.. "‘Erāqī, Faḵr-al-Dīn Ebrāhīm b. Bozorgmehr Javāleqī Hamadānī." Encylcopaedia Iranica. 8, [n.d.]: 538-540.

Wolper, Ethel Sara. Cities and Saints. Sufism and the Transformation of Urban Space in Medieval Anatolia. University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2004.

Show filiations

Fatih Millet Ktp. no. 1006

Work 13: Tarjī'-i Mulla Shams al-Din (مولا فناري، شمس الدين محمد بن حمزة)

Author

مولا فناري، شمس الدين محمد بن حمزة

Fenārī, Muḥammed b. Ḥamza

فناري، محمد بن حمزة

Show other names

Molla Fenārī, Şemseddīn Muḥammed b. Ḥamza

Fanārī, Muḥammad ibn Ḥamzah, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (authorised)

Fanārī, Muḥammad ibn Ḥamzah, 1350 or 51-1430 or 31 (variant)

Molla Fenârı̂, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (variant)

Muḥammad ibn Ḥamzah ibn Fanārī, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (variant)

Şemseddin Muhammed bin Hamza bin Muhammed İbnu'l-Fenârı̂ er-Rumı̂, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (variant)

Shams al-Dīn al-Fanārī, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (variant)

ʻUthmānī, Muḥammad ibn Ḥamzah, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (variant)

فناري، محمد بن حمزة (variant)

فناري، محمد بن حمزة،, 1350 or 1351-1430 or 1431 (variant)

فنري، محمد بن حمزة (variant)

Biographical notes

A native of Bursa and founder of a powerful Ottoman ʿulemāʾ family known as the Fenārīzāde, Molla Fenārī was an influential early Ottoman religious scholar and jurist. In addition to his legal training, he was a practicing Sufi influenced by the Akbarian school, and earned his living as a silk maker. After studying Islamic law with ʿAlāʾeddīn ʿAlī el-Esved in İznik and Cemāleddīn Aḳsarayī in Amasya, in the 770s [1370 CE]Fenārī travelled together with his fellow classmate, the luminary scholar Sayyid Sharif al-Jurjānī, to Cairo to study with Akmal al-Dīn al-Bābartī at the Shaykhūniyya Madrasa. After his studies in Cairo, Fenārī settled in Bursa where he was appointed as professor at the Manastır Medresesi by Bayezid I. In 795 AH [1393 CE]Fenārī was appointed qadi of Bursa, a position he held until 805 AH [1403 CE]. In 806 AH [1404 CE], after Timur’s defeat of Bayezid I, Fenārī went to Karaman, accompanied Mehmed Bey, the Karamanid prince newly released from Ottoman detention in Bursa by Timur. Fenārī remained in the Karamanid domains for a decade, returning to Bursa in 816 AH [1414 CE]. In 817 AH [1415 CE] he was returned to his post as qadi of Bursa by Mehmed I. Upon his return to Bursa after an extended absence, when he performed the hajj and took up residence in Egypt in the years 822-828 [1419-1425 CE], Fenārī was granted the post of mufti of the Ottoman realm by Murad II. As a result, Fenārī is considered the first Ottoman shaykhulislam, even though this was not an official state post at the time.

Title

Tarjī'-i Mulla Shams al-Din

Notes

Main language of text

Persian

Foliation

57b-62a ff.

Bibliography

Studies

Aydın, İbrahim Hakkı. "Molla Fenari (d. 834/1431)." TDVİA. 30 2005: 245-249.

Aydın, Hakkı. İslam Hukuku ve Molla Fenari. İstanbul: İşaret Yayınları, 1991.

Aydın, Hakkı. "Molla Fenârî ve Fusûlü’l-Bedâî fî Usûlü’s-Serâyî’indeki Metodu." PhD Dissertation, Erzurum Atatürk University, 1989.

Cici, Recep. "Molla Fenârî’nin Osmanlı Hukuk Düşüncesindeki Yeri." In Uluslararası Molla Fenârî Sempozyumu (4-6 Aralık 2009 Bursa) –Bildiriler. Bursa: Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Yayınları, 2010, 239-248.

Görgün, Tahsin. "Molla Fenârî (Düşüncesi)." TDVİA. 30, [n.d.]: 247-248.

Hızlı, Mefail. Osmanlı Bilim Tarihinin İlk Büyük Siması Molla Fenârî. Bursa: Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Yayınları, 2009.

Show filiations

Fatih Millet Ktp. no. 1006

Physical Description

Seal

Seal of Selim I

History

Date of copy

Possibly 16th century