Summary View

Country

Armenia

City

Erivan

Institution

The Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts (The Matenadaran)

Shelfmark

965

Contents

Poetry collection (Cihān Şāh (d. 872/1467))

Author

Cihān Şāh (d. 872/1467)

جهان ﺷﺎﻩ

Show other names

Ḥaḳīḳī

Ḥaqīqī

Jihān Shāh

ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ

Ḣăgigi, Jaḣanshaḣ (authorised)

Khagigi, Dzhakhanshakh (variant)

Jaḣanshaḣ (variant)

Cihânşâh (variant)

Khakiki, Mirza Dzhakhanshakh (variant)

Хакики, Мирза Джаханшах (variant)

Ḣăgigi, Mirză Jaḣanshaḣ (variant)

Jahānshāh Ḥaqīqī (variant)

جهانشاه حقىقى (variant)

Ḥaqīqī, Jahānshāh (variant)

حقىقى، جهانشاه (variant)

Jahanshah Hakyky (variant)

Hakyky, Jahanshah (variant)

Jahan Shah Haghighi Muzaffar al-Din Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf (variant)

Haghighi, Jahan Shah (variant)

Ḥaqīqī Turkamān, Jahānshāh ibn Qarā Yūsuf (variant)

Biographical notes

Ḳaraḳoyunlu ruler who was the fourth son of Ḳara Yūsuf, the founder of the state. He was born in Mardin or Khoy. He became the governor of Sulṭāniyyah at a young age. He took the throne in 843 AH [1439 CE], after the death of his brother İskender. During the reign of Cihān Şāh (843-72/1439-67), the Ḳaraḳoyunlu territory grew into a large empire and enjoyed its most brilliant phase. At its height, the Ḳaraḳoyunlu state encompassed Azerbaijan, Arrān, ʿIrāq-i ʿajam, ʿIrāq-i ʿarab, Fārs, Kirmān, and eastern Anatolia. Cihān Şāh's last expedition was against the Aḳḳoyunlu ruler Uzun Ḥasan, which took place in 872 AH [1467 CE] and resulted in his death. Cihān Şāh was buried in the madrasah of Muẓafferiye in Tabriz, which was built by him. His son Ḥasan ʿAlī was placed on the Ḳaraḳoyunlu throne, but could not hold out against Uzun Ḥasan. Cihān Şāh was a patron of culture and learning, as well as of architecture. He wrote poetry in Persian and Turkish under the pen name of Ḥaḳīḳī (and under one instance, the pen name of Ḥaḳīḳat). He sent his verse collection to Jāmī who praised it in verse in a letter of reply, which focused particularly on his mes̱nevīs. This is also referenced in Jāmī's poetry as well as the historical sources. About 851 AH [1447 CE], Cihān Şāh married his favorite daughter to a descendant of Shāh Niʾmat Allāh Valī, eponym of the Shi’i order Niʿmat-Allāhiyya. Shujāʿ al-Dīn Kurbalī, who wrote a commentary on Shabistārī’s Gulshan-i Rāz named the Ḥadīḳat al-maʿārif between 856-867 [1452-1463 CE], dedicated the work to Cihān Şāh.

Title

Poetry collection

Notes

Cihān Şāh’s poetry collection does not constitute a müretteb dīvān. The extant manuscripts indicate that the collection contains 32 short mes̱nevīs in Persian, 114 ġazels in Persian, 96 ġazels in Turkish, and 34 tuyuġs in Turkish. In his poetry, Cihān Şāh openly expresses his reverence for Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī .His poetry is marked by the influence of Nesīmī. It also includes some references to Ḥurūfī doctrine, although these are not in the form of an open affiliation. In this regard it is important to remember that Cihān Şāh is credited with brutally suppressing a Ḥurūfī uprising. While Cihān Şāh’s poetry is marked by Sufi thought, a particular preference for Sunni or Shi‘i doctrines cannot be detected, with the exception of one reference to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib. In this respect Cihān Şāh’s poetry parallels the general stance of the Ḳaraḳoyunlu. Although the Ḳaraḳoyunlu had close relations with several heterodoxies, their coins continued to bear the Sunni formula mentioning the four caliphs (with the exception of the coins struck by Ispend.

Main language of text

Turkish(Azerbaijani)-Persian

Bibliography

Editions

Demirci, Jale. "Cihânşâh (Hakikî) Divânı'nın İki Yeni Nüshası." DTCF Türkoloji Dergisi. XII, no. 1 1997: 127-134.

Değirmençay, Veyis. Karakoyunlu hükümdarı Cihanşah ve Farsça şiirleri: (divan-ı hakiki). Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2004.

Diriöz, Ali Haydar. "Cihânşâh'ın Türkçe şiirleri." In Emin Bilgiç Hatıra Kitabı. Aslanapa, Oktay and Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, ed. İstanbul: ISAR, 2000, 195-215.

Eliyar, Seferli. "Mirza Cihan Şah Hakiki." In Türkiye Dışındaki Türk Edebiyatları Antolojisi. 1993, 88-94.

Macit, Muhsin. Karakoyunlu Hükümdarı Cihanşah ve Türkçe Şiirleri. Ankara: Grafiker Yayıncılık, 2002.

Minorsky, Vladimir. "Jihān-Shāh Qara-Qoyunlu and His Poetry." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London. , no. 16 1954: 271-297. (Translated by Erol, Mine.“Karakoyunlu Cihan Şah ve Şiirleri.” Selçuklu Araştırmaları Dergisi II (1970): 153-180)

Ḥaḳīḳī, Cihānşāh. She'rlăr. Edited by Hüseynzadə, Lətif. Yerevan: Hayastan Nәşriyyatı, 1966.

Ḥaḳīḳī, Cihānşāh. Dīvān-i Jahānshāh Ḥaqīqī : shāh-i Turkaman, shāh-i Tūvrīz, shāh-i mardān-i qarn-i chahardahum va pānzdahum : bih hamrāh-i sharḥ-i aḥvāl, ās̲ār va awz̤āʻ-i siyāsī va ijtimāʻī-i dawrān-i Jahānshāh Ḥaqīqī. Edited by Ownuk, Hangeldi. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Bahjat, 2014.

Ḥaḳīḳī, Cihānşāh. Cahanşah Həqiqi, seçilmiş əsərləri. Edited by Rəhimov, Әbülfəz. Baku: Yāzıçı Naşriyātı, 1986.

Ḥaḳīḳī, Cihānşāh. Ghazallar ve rubaʼiler. Edited by Rəhimov, Әbülfəz. Baku: Yāzıçı Naşriyātı, 1988.

Studies

Konukçu, Enver. "Cihan Şah." TDVİA. 7 1993: 536-536.

Macit, Muhsin. "Cihanşah ve Türkçe şiirleri." Bilig: Türk Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. , no. 13 2000: 9-19.

Macit, Muhsin. "Karakoyunlu Cihânşâh'ın Mesnevî Sevgisi." Türk Edebiyatı. , no. 338 2001: 9-11.

Macit, Muhsin. "Karakoyunlu Hükümdarı Cihânşâh'ın Dinî-Mistik Evreni." Türk Kültürü İncelemeleri Dergisi = Journal of Turkish Cultural Studies. , no. 6 2002: 53-72.

Sümer, Faruk. "Ḳarā- Ḳoyunlu." Encyclopedia of Islam. IV 1997: 384-388.

Yınanç, Mükrimin H.. "Cihan-Şah." İslam Ansiklopedisi. 3 1979: 173-189.

Show filiations

Ankara Milli Kütüphane A 5252

Süleymaniye Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi 3808

Atatürk Üniversitesi 2221

British Library 9493

Physical Description

Number of folios

54 ff.

History

Date of copy

possibly 15th. century